Developing Shunt-Current Minimized Soluble-Lead-Redox-Flow-Batteries

Shunt currents in membrane-less soluble-lead-redox-flow-batteries (SLRFB) are observed open-circuit condition and found to depend on size of the stack, manifolds, flow rates charge/discharge parameters. Ramifications shunt performance SLRFB stacks with internal external manifolds reported. In case 3, 5 7-cells manifold design, charge current for middle cell decreases by 3.3%, 6%, 8.5%, while discharge increases 2.6%, 5.5%, 6.6%, respectively, 3 A current. By contrast, no such adverse effect is design. The current—potential studies show that comprising 5-cells deliver a maximum power density 35 mW cm −2 , which declines 15 7-cell stack remains invariant at 50 An 8-cell 12 V, mAh/cm 2 specific capacity 273 Wh energy storage 64% efficiency also reported shows good cyclability over 100 cycles 95% coulombic when cycled 20 mA 1 h duration.